Zimbabwe HIV and AIDS Toolkit

This thesis focuses on children who have lost both parents and are currently living on their own as child headed households (CHHs) in a rural community in Zimbabwe. Children heading households and taking care of siblings is a very ?un-childlike? behaviour yet these are growing phenomena. Through an exploration of how CHHs are constituted and evolve the thesis aims to examine whether local constructions of childhood are being (re) conceptualised as a result of Zimbabwe?s escalating HIV/AIDS crisis. In particular it examines whether the socialisation of children within ?child only? units is leading to social transformation and/or whether children are in some way attempting to mimic ?normal? family/gender relations. It also looks at CHH?s interactions with adults and explores how these affect survival strategies, socialisation and conceptualisations of childhood. This thesis draws on an intensive ethnographic research project with five CHHs and their siblings in a rural community in Zimbabwe. Participant observation, narratives, drama, essays, focus groups, conversations and participatory techniques were employed to gain an in-depth insight into household evolution, the socialisation of family members, gender roles and survival strategies. The thesis shows that while children living in CHHs are vulnerable, they exhibited considerable competence and capabilities to sustain themselves. However, state and nongovernmental organisations? definition of childhood and orphanhood on the other hand, and cultural and local understanding of childhood and orphanhood produce new conceptual struggles of childhood that impacts negatively on the CHHs? integration into society and their capacity to function fully. The ambivalent position of orphaned children in CHHs needs to be addressed if CHHs are to be recognised as an alternative orphan care arrangement National Action Plan for Orphans and Vulnerable Children This national plan of action (NPA) for orphans and vulnerable children (OVC) covers an initial time frame of three to five years, incorporating the United Nations General Assembly Special Session's (UNGASS) goals for 2005, and therefore attempts to address the basic and urgent needs of vulnerable children. Although the NPA for OVC proposes to identify and maximise the use of local resources through coordinated, multi-sectoral efforts, additional resources will be mobilised to support the Secretariat and meet unmet needs identified by Child Protection Committees in their local workplans. People Living With Disabilities